Sleep

Let's start with the well-known fact: One third of life a person is asleep. This is an ordinary person, an adult. Children sleep longer. Newborns, because they generally only do so, and that sleep, arranging only small breaks for snacks (when not sleeping - they eat when they eat - they do not sleep ").
It is no wonder that sleep as a global phenomenon plays an important role in human existence. And, like any other global phenomenon, the process of sleep surrounded by a myriad variety of problems. It would be unfair to leave these problems without consideration, especially given the fact that issues related to food, festivities and holidays, we have already discussed.
We begin with an attempt to fundamentally deal with the phenomenon itself. What is a dream, what is it for all? For years, scientists have held fairly intuitive, logical and convincing theory that waking is accompanied by accumulation in the body of certain substances (factors of sleep) that cause "brain fatigue". To neutralize these same substances, and need sleep, during which "sleep factors" are destroyed, rested brain is able to stay awake, and the owner of the brain - to lead an active lifestyle.
The above theory is captivating absolutely clear even to the layman. With specialists harder - trying to prove things absolutely clear, they have tried for decades and are trying to discover the "factors of sleep", but nothing happens. The more people explore the dream, the less understand the meaning of this phenomenon - there is no conclusive answers to the question: why a person should 1 / 3 of life to spend on unproductive stay in bed?
But no matter how difficult may be the modern theory of sleep, the elementary experience of mankind as a whole and the individual in particular, shows: sleep is vital. Well, since the nature of the head - the normal life of animals (people here viewed as a special case of very intelligent animal) is impossible without a special form of the brain, which is called sleep.
Parents' attitudes to children's sleep is very essential changes as the child grows, how to change and the problems surrounding sleep. Discussion of these issues is quite appropriate to be divided into three interrelated parts - 1. Dream Baby (newborn and the first months of life), 2. Son of healthy children, 3. The relationship of sleep and disease. We consider them in order.
DREAM BABIES (infants and the first months of life)

Most of the day sleeping newborn. Because in addition to sleep, he still eats an obvious close relationship of these processes. The presence or absence of a "sleep mode" depends on the presence or absence of a "regime of food." The obvious conclusion - a system feeding fundamentally determines the answer to the question: when and how much sleep? ".
Currently, most pediatricians recommend mothers to stop "the strictest adherence to food", which meant feeding at intervals of 3 hours with optional night break at 6:00. More and more fans (both in the environment of pediatricians and for parents) is a system of free feeding. The essence of this system - baby feed when he wants to eat. Required night break, when a hungry baby screaming for hours, and thus learns to "discipline" is not advised, rightly so considering it (night break) a conscious mockery of all family members.
Dream Baby - one of the most important indicators of their health. A child sleeps as long as does not work feeling hungry. If well fed, but not sleeping - it means that something is wrong. Not so any health concerns, or to the place where the child has to sleep (hot, cold, wet, etc.). As the child grows, and there are extended episodes of waking, but they should not (normally, of course) show up yelling and screaming - if so, the reasons are the same - problems or health concerns, or with the habitat.
One of the most fundamental issues - children's room. Regardless of brand name viagra whether this room is exclusively for children or both children, plus parents' bedroom, there are certain requirements with which compliance - a key to undisturbed sleep for the joy of my father and mother.
Necessary clarification: eating the phrase "children's room," the author has in mind a place where the child sleeps. Logical, of course, would talk about "children's bedrooms, but the ordinary to our compatriot is difficult to imagine such a strange life when a child has not only his own bedroom, but also has its own nursery, where you can play and learn. Currently refinement leads to very lucky fellow, well decided to issue a residential area.
Importantly, in relation to the child's room - the answer to the question "what to breathe?". Nothing is more harmful to the child, especially the first few months of life than dry and warm air:

- The optimum temperature - 18-20 ° C;
- Better than 16 ° C than 22 ° C;

- Better than an extra undershirts, than naimodneyshy heater;
- In the nursery are not desirable no drives dust - carpets, upholstered furniture, stuffed toys, and any items that are not available wet cleaning.
Preferably a wooden cot. No pillows! Mattress - smooth and hard.
In principle, children's room designed primarily for sleeping at night. During the day the child is desirable to sleep in the open air, and measures are not (ie, many will not). It is obvious that for infants, unlike children in other age groups, sleep outdoors is tantamount festivities. So we will not repeat itself, but readers who want to figure out how to still be walking (where, with whom, when and how many), refer to the article "walks".
The complex issues surrounding sleep babies, two stand out: 1. Does not awake until ukachaem 2. Do not sleep in the bed, but sleep well at the hands of the mother.
About motion sickness, we note that in children is rather weak vestibular system (organ of balance). If you swing fast there is a feeling of vertigo, and in some cases, the child simply loses consciousness. The vernacular is called "ukachali. Kid who is used to swing, very difficult to cure. It is clear that it is better not to start, because motion sickness is not very helpful for the child and not very pleasant for his family.
Special issue - sleep in her arms. From the perspective of Nature, a newborn human baby inseparable from his mother. Can not be a wild human female to leave a baby and leave. The above relationship is realized in the form of a specific instinct - not feeling anything near a big and warm, the child feels an instinctive fear and invitingly yells. Picked up - instinct realized - the kid shut up.
Described the severity of instinct in children are different, hence the different severity of sleep problems in the hands of adults. But the main thing in another - it is not the realization, instinct fades. Therefore, days prosizhivaya with a baby - if only in the house was quiet - only the parents support the Instinct, closing the vicious circle. We must be patient - sometimes only one or two days, sometimes weeks, there could be as lucky enough. It is only important to be sure that it is an instinctive fear are at the root of children's screams. See this, incidentally, is not difficult - no sore will not pass just because they took the child in his arms. So what if the child squirms and on the hands and in bed - looking for disease or unsatisfied desire (ie he wants, but can not - eat, drink, pee, pokakat, etc.), but for those with silent and in bed screaming - please be patient.
In conclusion, we emphasize: a healthy child who is developing normally, he knows how much he wanted to sleep. Wrong to wake the baby because, according to parents, it's time to do something else - is, for example. For normal development and normal healthy sleep is no less important than food.
SLEEP HEALTHY CHILDREN

None guide to raising children is not without a specific table in any way indicate what the appropriate age child to sleep - how many times and how many hours. Very skeptical of attempts to regulate a strict mathematical way of life, the author, nevertheless, considers it his duty to bring some average values of the recommended settings.
From 1 to 1.5 years: the number of periods of daytime sleep - 2 (1 st - 2 - 2,5 h, 2-nd - 1.5 h); night's sleep - 10-11 h;
From 1,5 up to 2 years: the number of periods of daytime sleep - 1, its duration - 2,5 - 3 h night's sleep - 10-11 h;
2 - 3 years: 1 naps for 2 - 2.5 hours; night's sleep - 10-11 h;
In the future - up to 7 years - recommended 1 nap (about 2 h), nocturnal sleep 10 h. After 7 years of day not allowed to sleep well at night - 8 - 9 pm
To give back to the "norm", we consider the specific problems.

Everything that was written above about the children's room has no specific age - at any age, the optimum temperature around 18-20 ° C, at any age, not desired storage dust.
From the perspective of a physician, the main requirements for the night, seems simple enough - sleep should create conditions for adequate awake after waking up. Practical implementation of this rather uncomplicated situation surrounded by problems more related to other sciences (pedagogy, sociology) - naturally, when a person is asleep, not because it's time to sleep, but because they want to sleep. It is natural to wake up, not because it's necessary, but because they slept. But the rules of human society can not (it can not, and not unwilling) to take into account these biological "magic tricks".
The human body, and the child of any age is not an exception, lives in a special rhythm (diurnal, seasonal, annual), determining the need and the ratio of periods of sleep and wakefulness. The desire to sleep, the time required to fully relax to the depth of sleep is affected by many factors - referred to biorhythms, meteorological conditions, health status, lifestyle.
Everyone knows that the desire for sleep is largely due to the intensity of physical activity, while at the same time, excessive emotional stress prevented sleep.
The main problem is the parent - "I do not want to sleep". Approach to its solution is largely determined by early morning awakening, and allows us to formulate a simple rule: if the rise in the morning occurs naturally and without negative emotions, bedtime has no value.
I note that the parent slogan "go to sleep" may be dictated by the interests of the parents - dad wants to sleep, or, alternatively, dad wants her mother, and the room is only one. This problem can be solved through tips pediatrician.
A special and very often the situation can be described by the phrase "do not put - do not lift up." Influencing factors largely beyond control. But a number of points in any pedagogical influences are not subject, as determined by individual biorhythms (the famous and not causing doubt the division of human beings to "The Lark" and "owls").
Rational ways of combating child "to sleep do not want to" three.

Method one. Increase physical activity - sport, maximum stay in the fresh air, work at home.
Method Two. Limitation of emotional stress, especially in the evening - at least not desirable to give a long-awaited toy at 20.00 and check the diary at 21.00 should be regarded as a pedagogical crime.
Way to third. Do not create a problem where it is absent in principle. Accounting for children's desire to copy adults. The theme of "bedtime" should not have to climb. Or a child wants to sleep myself, or will be put to bed, mimicking dad and mom. The more attention is paid to the family bedtime, the more often parents look at the clock, the louder and sterner sound disposal of "Go to bed, the more problems arise.
Now consider some sleep disorders that occur in completely healthy children.

Often wake up with a feeling of thirst. The main reason (99%) - the main violation of the rules of children's sleep - cool, clean storage room for children. Dry mucous membranes, the reasons are clear (warm and dry, heaters, carpets, dust). If time does not change the physical parameters of a child's room, "the night drinking" is fixed as a reflex.
Teeth grinding during sleep. As the masses are no differences in response to question about the reason for this phenomenon. Absolutely everyone knows: "If the child grinding his teeth - it means, is ripped apart with worms." These things can not find the situation however, confirm. Do creaking teeth worms, of course, occur, but not more than the other, the teeth are not creaking. Neither doctors nor scientists, physiologists, many years studying sleep and do not know, because of what it does, but one sure exactly - it is not an illness, it eventually passes, although two negative point is - not very nice from an aesthetic point view and the very real possibility of damage to teeth.
There is a theory according to which the cause gnashing of teeth in a dream - a rudimentary (ie, undeveloped, residual) reflex, similar to reflexes of animals, which thus sharpening their teeth.
Bedwetting, or enuresis. This is a very unpleasant phenomenon occurs in 10% of children. There are dozens of ways to pharmacological and psychotherapeutic correction of this phenomenon. None of these methods is not completely effective, although some techniques for individual children lead to great results. Doctors cause of enuresis is still not known. Suggest that in the ripening brain sometimes formed a special focus, which in a certain phase of sleep starts the reflex bladder emptying. Since we are talking about the ripening brain, enuresis, sooner or later stops.
Night terrors. Most often occur between the ages of 3 - 8 years and during puberty. Do not represent a special danger, but their frequency and severity depends largely on the psychological atmosphere in the family and from parents of elementary common sense. Terrifying tales at bedtime, television horror movies, stories about his grandfather Babayan and about a disobedient boy, who was carried off the evil dog-Barbosa. Individual room for children increases the likelihood of nighttime fears - along with his parents to sleep quieter.
At the same time, fears during bedtime (fear of darkness, silence, wind noise outside the window) require a respectful attitude. In no case do not make fun of, perhaps, to sit side by side until they fall asleep.
The most important rule governing the relation of parents to any children's problems overnight, is the greatest possible kindness.
That no child is doing in the dream - gritted his teeth, urinating in bed, walking, talking, snoring-jets - he did not. It was not for him, thinking part of a child's brain had nothing to do all the above processes. Once again I remind you: the most-presamye experts still can not understand what the dream and why you should sleep. Everything happens in a dream, remains largely a mystery, and scold the child for a wet bed, at least, unwise.
SLEEP AND DISEASE

Dream child of any age is a major health criteria.
Any significant deviation from sleep mode - a sudden awakening in an unusual time, and especially (!) Desire to sleep at unusual times - are a very alarming sign, and require special vigilance on the part of parents - to measure body temperature, porasprashivat (pain-no pain), once again to wake up night - see, touch forehead.
Keep in mind that sleepiness - a typical manifestation of a high body temperature and the critical shortage of water in the body.
If a medical appointment can not be performed because of drowsiness (do not drink the liquid, does not want to swallow the drugs) - is one indication for immediate hospitalization.
During any illness, but especially for acute respiratory diseases, priority should be given to the children's room. Factors considered by us as desirable for a healthy child, become indispensable for the development of disease.
Any respiratory viral infection accompanied by increased formation of mucus throughout the respiratory tract - from the nasal mucosa, to the bronchi. The drying up of mucus - a key risk factor greatly increases the risk of bacterial complications. Accumulation and drying of mucus viagra advantages during sleep are more likely (more stifling, the child does not move and does not drink). Hence, a prerequisite of sleep a sick child: warm clothes, but clean, cool and moist air. During the day, multiple wet cleaning.
Some, but not quite obvious points about the night action of parents in children's diseases. Do not close the door to the nursery, to be around, drink, dress, comfort, once again measure the temperature.
In general, sleep a sick child can change the most significant way - shifting the usual hours of sleep, changes (usually elongated) their duration. It is quite natural, but more importantly - the restoration of normal sleep patterns is an important sign of recovery.